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Circadian regulation of renal function.

Jermaine G Johnston1, David M Pollock1

  • 1Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|January 24, 2018
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Summary

Kidneys have an internal clock regulating vital functions, influenced by circadian rhythms and clock genes. Understanding this kidney clock is crucial for diagnosing and treating kidney diseases.

Keywords:
Blood pressureChronotherapyClock genesKidneySodium balance

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Chronobiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Kidney functions like sodium balance and blood pressure regulation were thought to be centrally controlled.
  • Emerging evidence highlights intrinsic circadian clock mechanisms within the kidneys.
  • Disruption of these kidney circadian rhythms is linked to cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for circadian regulation in kidney function.
  • To explore the molecular and physiological impact of circadian rhythms on the kidney.
  • To discuss the clinical relevance of kidney circadian rhythms in disease and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of basic research on molecular clock genes in the kidney.
  • Analysis of clinical studies on circadian rhythms and kidney disease.
  • Synthesis of evidence on the impact of circadian disruption.

Main Results:

  • Circadian clock genes and rhythms significantly influence kidney physiology and molecular processes.
  • Loss of rhythmic activity in the kidney is associated with cardiovascular pathologies.
  • Circadian rhythms in the kidney are independent of external factors.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian rhythms play a critical, intrinsic role in kidney function.
  • Assessing kidney circadian rhythms offers prognostic value for kidney diseases.
  • Chronotherapy, considering kidney diurnal rhythms, is a potential clinical strategy.