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Related Concept Videos

Common Ion Effect03:24

Common Ion Effect

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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Precipitation of Ions03:11

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The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
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Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Ions and Ionic Charges

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In ordinary chemical reactions, the nucleus — which contains the protons and neutrons of each atom and thus identifies the element — remains unchanged. Electrons, however, can be added to atoms by transfer from other atoms, lost by transfer to other atoms, or shared with other atoms. The transfer and sharing of electrons among atoms govern the chemistry of the elements. During the formation of some compounds, atoms gain or lose electrons to form electrically charged particles called...
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Ions as Acids and Bases02:54

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Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
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Kinetics of Ion-Capturing/Ion-Releasing Processes in Liquid Crystal Devices Utilizing Contaminated Nanoparticles and

Yuriy Garbovskiy1

  • 1UCCS BioFrontiers Center and Department of Physics, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA. ygarbovs@uccs.edu.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 24, 2018
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Summary

This study explores the kinetics of ion dynamics in liquid crystal devices. Nanoparticle and alignment layer contamination influences ion-capturing/releasing, with tunable time constants affecting device performance.

Keywords:
adsorption/desorptioncontaminated nanoparticlesion trappingion-capturing filmsionskineticsliquid crystals

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Device Physics

Background:

  • Advanced liquid crystal devices rely on nanomaterials and alignment layers.
  • Steady-state ion dynamics in these devices are understood, but kinetic processes are not.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the time dependence of ion-capturing/releasing processes in liquid crystal cells.
  • To investigate the role of ionic contamination in nanodopants and alignment layers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of time-dependent ion-capturing and ion-releasing phenomena.
  • Characterization of time constants related to nanoparticles and alignment films.

Main Results:

  • Ionic contamination dictates the switching between ion-capturing and ion-releasing regimes.
  • Time dependence can be monotonous or non-monotonous.
  • Time constants are influenced by ion adsorption/desorption parameters.

Conclusions:

  • The kinetics of ion dynamics in liquid crystal devices are governed by nanoparticle and alignment layer contamination.
  • Key parameters like nanoparticle concentration, size, and cell thickness can tune these kinetic processes.