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Fate of Fecal Indicators in Resource-Oriented Sanitation Systems Using Nitrifying Bio-Treatment
Shervin Hashemi1, Mooyoung Han2, Eun Namkung3
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea. shervincee@snu.ac.kr.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|January 25, 2018
Summary
Nitrifying microorganisms enhance fecal treatment in resource-oriented sanitation. Adding specific amounts of Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter winogradskyi bio-seeds effectively removed Escherichia coli and total coliforms within 25 days.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Microbiology
- Sanitation Science
- Wastewater Treatment
Background:
- Hygienic fecal treatment is crucial in resource-oriented sanitation (ROS) systems.
- Nitrifying microorganisms offer a sustainable approach to fecal treatment in ROS.
- Assessing the microbial safety of this treatment method is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the removal of fecal indicators (Escherichia coli and total coliforms) in source-separated feces treated with nitrifying microorganisms.
- To determine the efficacy of different concentrations of Nitrosomonas europaea bio-seed, with a constant Nitrobacter winogradskyi bio-seed, on pathogen reduction.
- To evaluate the long-term impact of nitrifying microorganisms on fecal pathogen populations.
Main Methods:
- Tracking Escherichia coli and total coliforms in source-separated fecal samples.
- Applying varying amounts of Nitrosomonas europaea bio-seed alongside a fixed concentration of Nitrobacter winogradskyi bio-seed.
- Monitoring pathogen populations over time to assess removal rates.
Main Results:
- Fecal indicator populations initially increased, then decreased, and stabilized in intact feces.
- Nitrifying microorganisms initially accelerated pathogen growth but improved long-term reduction efficiency.
- Complete removal of E. coli and total coliforms was achieved in under 25 days with specific bio-seed concentrations (3000 cells/g feces for E. coli, 7000 cells/g feces for total coliforms).
Conclusions:
- Nitrifying microorganisms, specifically Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter winogradskyi, are effective in hygienic fecal treatment in ROS systems.
- Optimizing bio-seed concentrations can significantly reduce the time required for complete fecal indicator removal.
- This method presents a viable and efficient approach for pathogen reduction in sustainable sanitation.
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