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Textile Concentric Ring Electrodes for ECG Recording Based on Screen-Printing Technology.

José Vicente Lidón-Roger1, Gema Prats-Boluda2, Yiyao Ye-Lin3

  • 1Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Valencia 46022, Spain. jvlidon@eln.upv.es.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 25, 2018
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Summary

Textile concentric ring electrodes (CREs) offer enhanced spatial resolution for electrocardiography (ECG). Silver CREs demonstrated superior stability and signal quality compared to PEDOT:PSS, paving the way for clinical applications.

Keywords:
Laplacian electrocardiogramPEDOT:PSSconcentric ring electrode (CRE)textile electrode

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Concentric ring electrodes (CREs) offer superior spatial resolution for electrocardiography (ECG) but are not yet widely adopted clinically.
  • Integrating CREs into textiles promises low-cost, flexible, and comfortable electrodes for high-resolution ECG monitoring.
  • Screen-printing technology provides a mature and cost-effective method for textile electrode fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop textile-based CREs using screen-printing technology.
  • To compare the electrical characteristics and ECG signal acquisition performance of silver and PEDOT:PSS conductive inks.
  • To evaluate the suitability of textile CREs for clinical ECG monitoring, focusing on signal resolution and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of textile CREs using screen-printing with silver and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) inks.
  • Analysis of electrical properties, including skin-electrode impedance and electrode thickness.
  • Evaluation of ECG signal acquisition during rest and movement, assessing signal-to-noise ratio, saturation, and alterations.
  • Comparison of bipolar concentric ECG (BC-ECG) signals with conventional ECG recordings for spatial resolution.

Main Results:

  • Silver CREs exhibited greater average thickness and slightly lower skin-electrode impedance than PEDOT:PSS CREs.
  • Both silver and PEDOT:PSS CREs enabled bipolar concentric ECG (BC-ECG) signal acquisition with signal-to-noise ratios comparable to conventional ECG.
  • Silver CREs demonstrated enhanced stability, with fewer signal saturations and alterations during subject movement compared to PEDOT:PSS CREs.
  • BC-ECG signals achieved higher spatial resolution, enabling the identification of P1 and P2 atrial activity waves, surpassing conventional ECG capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Textile silver CREs are more suitable than PEDOT:PSS CREs for acquiring high-resolution BC-ECG signals.
  • The developed textile CREs, particularly silver-based ones, represent a significant step towards the clinical implementation of advanced ECG monitoring.
  • This technology offers a pathway to more comfortable, robust, and cost-effective high-fidelity ECG diagnostics.