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Pulse01:16

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When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks
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Thermal Dynamics Effects using Pulse-Shaping Laser Sintering of Printed Silver Inks.

M Bolduc1, C Trudeau2,3, P Beaupré2

  • 1Institut National d'Optique, 2740 Einstein Street, Québec, QC, G1P 4S4, Canada. martin.bolduc@ino.ca.

Scientific Reports
|January 25, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers optimized laser sintering for flexible electronics. This advanced technique achieves high conductivity on heat-sensitive polymer substrates in milliseconds, outperforming traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Flexible substrates are crucial for printable electronics but are heat-sensitive.
  • Conventional sintering methods risk damaging these delicate polymer-based materials.
  • Localized sintering is needed to process electronic inks without substrate degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore dynamic laser-based sintering for conductive silver inks on flexible substrates.
  • To optimize laser parameters for high-quality ink treatment while preserving substrate integrity.
  • To achieve low sheet resistance comparable to conventional annealing but with significantly reduced processing time.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multiple passes of a pulsed laser, varying pulse train frequencies and energies.
  • Implemented time-domain pulse shaping to precisely control laser energy delivery.
  • Employed finite element modeling to simulate laser-induced thermal dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Achieved sheet resistance values as low as 0.024Ω/□ for conductive silver inks.
  • Demonstrated processing times in the millisecond range, drastically reducing fabrication time.
  • Validated results through thermal dynamics modeling, confirming substrate integrity preservation.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic laser-based sintering offers a highly effective method for fabricating high-performance flexible electronics.
  • Optimized laser parameters and pulse shaping enable precise control over ink properties and thermal effects.
  • This approach significantly accelerates the production of printed electronics on sensitive substrates.