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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Anatomy of the Heart01:27

Anatomy of the Heart

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The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
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Anatomy of the Heart01:20

Anatomy of the Heart

3.5K
The heart is a hollow, muscular organ approximately the size of a fist, consisting of four chambers. It is enclosed in the pericardium, a fibrous sac with two layers: the visceral and parietal pericardium, separated by a fluid-filled space containing serous fluid to reduce friction.
The heart has three layers: the innermost endocardium, the muscular myocardium, and the outer epicardium, all working together for optimal cardiac function.
Chambers of the Heart
The heart is made up of four...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Modified Method for Heterotopic Mouse Heart Transplantion
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A Modified Method for Heterotopic Mouse Heart Transplantion

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Applying genomics in heart transplantation.

Brendan J Keating1,2, Alexandre C Pereira3, Michael Snyder4

  • 1Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Transplant International : Official Journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation
|January 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Genomics advances are improving heart transplant outcomes and patient care. Future applications of genomic knowledge promise enhanced long-term survival for heart transplant recipients.

Keywords:
genesgenomicshistocompatibility and immunogeneticsimmunobiologymolecular diagnosticproteomics

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Genomics
  • Translational Science

Background:

  • Heart transplantation has improved patient survival but significant comorbidities persist.
  • Current 5-year survival rates for heart allograft recipients are approximately 70%.
  • Recent advancements in omics, particularly genomics, are beginning to influence clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key genomic advances relevant to heart transplant outcomes.
  • To highlight the translational potential of genomics in heart transplantation.
  • To forecast the impact of genomic knowledge on patient care in the next decade.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in genomics and transcriptomics.
  • Analysis of the impact of omics on heart transplant outcomes.
  • Discussion of translational applications for clinical care.

Main Results:

  • Genomic and transcriptomic research offers insights into heart transplant success.
  • These 'omics' fields provide a foundation for personalized patient management.
  • Translational potential exists for improving post-transplant care and survival.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic advancements are crucial for understanding and improving heart transplant outcomes.
  • Integrating genomic insights into clinical practice can enhance patient care and long-term survival.
  • The next decade holds significant promise for genomics-driven improvements in heart transplantation.