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Related Concept Videos

Empathy02:34

Empathy

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Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor. 
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The relative difference in electrical charge, or voltage, between the inside and the outside of a cell membrane, is called the membrane potential. It is generated by differences in permeability of the membrane to various ions and the concentrations of these ions across the membrane.
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Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
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Empathy by default: Correlates in the brain at rest.

Patrícia Oliveira Silva1, Liliana Maia, Joana Coutinho

  • 1Universidade Católica Portuguesa (FEP-UCP).

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|January 25, 2018
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This study found that cognitive empathy correlates positively with Default Mode Network (DMN) activity in the medial frontal cortex, while emotional empathy shows a negative correlation, highlighting the DMN

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Cognition
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Empathy is a complex human trait involving cognitive, emotional, and self-regulatory processes.
  • Neuroimaging studies link empathy to brain regions within the social cognition network.
  • The Default Mode Network (DMN) is a key resting-state network implicated in social cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between empathy dimensions and DMN activity.
  • To compare cognitive and emotional empathy scores with DMN activation patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for neuroimaging.
  • Measured cognitive and emotional empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI).
  • Analyzed activation patterns within the DMN.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was observed between cognitive empathy and DMN activation in the bilateral superior medial frontal cortex.
  • Emotional empathy demonstrated a negative correlation with activation in the same DMN region.
  • These findings suggest distinct neural correlates for cognitive and emotional empathy within the DMN.

Conclusions:

  • The medial cortical regions of the DMN, particularly its anterior node, play a crucial role in empathy.
  • The study highlights the differential involvement of the DMN in cognitive versus emotional aspects of empathy.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the neural basis of social cognition and empathy.