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Related Concept Videos

Development of Blood Vessels01:07

Development of Blood Vessels

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The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
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What is Cell Signaling?02:03

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Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.
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Anatomy of Blood Vessels01:20

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The vascular system, an integral part of the circulatory system, comprises various blood vessels that play crucial roles in maintaining the body's homeostasis. These blood vessels form a complex and efficient circulatory network. The three primary categories of blood vessels are the arteries, veins, and capillaries.
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Structure of Blood Vessels01:15

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Blood is circulated throughout the human body through a network of blood vessels called the circulatory system. This system includes arteries that transport blood from the heart to various body parts. These arterial pathways divide into smaller vessels until they reach the arterioles, which further split into capillaries. It is within these minuscule capillaries that the exchange of nutrients and waste products takes place. After this exchange, the blood is collected by venules, which fuse to...
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Overview of Blood Vessels01:14

Overview of Blood Vessels

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The human cardiovascular system comprises five primary types of blood vessels: arteries, arterioles, veins, venules, and capillaries, each serving unique functions.
Arteries and Arterioles: Arteries are muscular and elastic vessels that primarily carry oxygenated blood from the heart to body tissues, except for the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood. They have thick walls to withstand high pressure and contain a layer of muscle tissue, allowing them to expand or contract as...
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Cell-surface Signaling01:21

Cell-surface Signaling

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Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Generation of Human Blood Vessel Organoids from Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Generation of Human Blood Vessel Organoids from Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Cell-cell signaling in blood vessel development and function.

Christer Betsholtz1,2

  • 1Karolinska Institutet/AstraZeneca Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (KI/AZ ICMC), Huddinge, Sweden.

EMBO Molecular Medicine
|January 25, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vascular development involves cell signaling for vessel growth and specialization. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals transcriptional diversity within blood vessels, advancing our understanding of organ-specific vascular functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The blood vasculature is a complex organ requiring specific adaptations for each organ.
  • Vascular development relies on cell-cell signaling for sprouting, specialization, and remodeling.
  • Understanding intra-organ vascular diversity and hierarchy is crucial but challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of vascular development.
  • To highlight recent advances in understanding vascular specialization.
  • To emphasize the potential of single-cell RNA sequencing in characterizing vascular heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on vascular development and signaling.
  • Discussion of single-cell RNA sequencing as a key technology.
  • Exploration of transcriptional diversity within the vasculature.

Main Results:

  • Generic signaling mechanisms for angiogenesis and remodeling are understood.
  • Initial insights into signals maintaining vascular organotypicity exist.
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing enables genome-wide, quantitative analysis of vascular transcriptional diversity.

Conclusions:

  • Intra-organ vascular diversity and arterio-venous hierarchies present challenges.
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing offers a powerful approach to dissect vascular heterogeneity.
  • Future research can systematically explore vascular functions in health and disease using these advances.