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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors
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Focal versus distributed temporal cortex activity for speech sound category assignment.

Sophie Bouton1,2,3, Valérian Chambon4,5, Rémi Tyrand4

  • 1Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, Biotech Campus, University of Geneva,1202 Geneva, Switzerland; sophie.l.bouton@gmail.com.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Speech sound categorization relies on focal brain activity in the posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG). While distributed activity is classifiable, it reflects perception and decision processes, not core speech processing.

Keywords:
categorical perceptiondecodingencodingmultivariate pattern analysisspeech sounds

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Speech Processing

Background:

  • Neural activity can be decoded to represent percepts and words.
  • Widespread neural representations may challenge hierarchical processing and efficient coding in speech.
  • Understanding the neural basis of speech sound categorization is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural basis of speech-sound categorization.
  • To determine if sensory and decisional activity colocalize.
  • To examine the role of focal versus distributed neural activity in speech perception.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) for syllable identification.
  • Intracortical recordings in humans for neural activity analysis.
  • Machine decoding of neural signals to classify syllables.

Main Results:

  • Sensory and decisional activity for speech sound identification colocalize to a restricted area of the posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG).
  • Early and focal neural activity in the pSTG distinguishes correct from incorrect decisions and can be machine-decoded.
  • Machine decoding of syllables was possible from distributed neural activity, but these patterns showed weak sensory or decision-related responses.

Conclusions:

  • Speech-sound categorization efficiently relies on the readout of focal neural activity in the pSTG.
  • Distributed neural activity patterns, while classifiable, reflect collateral sensory perception and decision processes rather than core speech categorization.
  • This study refines our understanding of hierarchical processing in speech perception.