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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Combined Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Electroencephalography of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex
Published on: August 17, 2018
The effects of neurochemical balance in the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on
Ai Koizumi1, Hakwan Lau2, Yasuhiro Shimada3
1Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), NICT, 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Abstract:
Volitional control has been related to the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) ratio of glutamate-glutamine to γ-aminobutyric acid concentration in the different parts of the frontal cortex. Yet, how the neurochemical balance in each of the brain areas modulates volitional control remains unclear. Here, participants performed an auditory Go/No-Go task with and without task-irrelevant face distractors. Neurochemical balance was measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy at rest. Participants with higher E/I ratios in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) showed less control over No-Go cues under no distraction, whereas participants with higher E/I ratios in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were more prompted to make speeded Go responses under distraction. Therefore, the neurochemical balance in the DLPFC and ACC may be involved in the control over task-relevant and -irrelevant cues respectively.
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