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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
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Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
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Bacterial genome-wide association study: methodologies and applications.

Chao Yang1, Rui-Fu Yang1, Yujun Cui1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.

Yi Chuan = Hereditas
|January 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacterial genome-wide association studies (BGWAS) reveal genetic factors for bacterial traits like drug resistance and host adaptation. This review summarizes BGWAS methods, applications, and future potential in microbiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have advanced human complex disease research.
  • GWAS is a valuable tool for investigating bacterial phenotypes.
  • Bacterial GWAS (BGWAS) has emerged since 2013, uncovering genetic bases for bacterial traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current methodologies and applications of BGWAS.
  • To identify challenges and limitations in BGWAS.
  • To highlight the future potential of BGWAS in microbiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published bacterial GWAS literature.
  • Analysis of BGWAS methodologies.
  • Synthesis of findings on bacterial adaptation, drug resistance, and virulence.

Main Results:

  • Over 10 BGWAS reports have been published since 2013.
  • BGWAS has elucidated the genetic underpinnings of host adaptation, drug resistance, and virulence in bacteria.
  • Significant advancements in understanding bacterial genetics, evolution, and spread.

Conclusions:

  • BGWAS is a powerful approach for dissecting bacterial genetic architecture.
  • Further research and methodological refinement will enhance BGWAS utility.
  • BGWAS holds substantial promise for advancing the field of microbiology.