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Delayed anaphylactoid reaction in a worker exposed to chromium
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 1, 1986
Summary
Systemic reactions, including hives and breathing difficulties, occurred in a welder after chromium exposure. A positive leukocyte inhibitory factor test suggests cell-mediated immunity may play a role in chromium sensitivity.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Immunology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Welders are occupationally exposed to various metals, including chromium, a known sensitizer.
- Systemic reactions following industrial exposure to chromium are less common than contact dermatitis.
Observation:
- A 29-year-old male welder experienced systemic reactions including urticaria, angioedema, and bronchospasm after inhaling sodium chromate aerosol.
- The reaction occurred with a significant increase in plasma histamine levels.
Findings:
- Inhalation challenge testing with sodium chromate induced a delayed systemic hypersensitivity reaction.
- A direct leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) test for sodium chromate was positive, indicating a potential immune response.
Implications:
- The findings suggest that cell-mediated immune mechanisms may contribute to systemic chromium hypersensitivity in susceptible individuals.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying these systemic reactions to chromium exposure.
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