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Brucellosis in Patients with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Fazilet Duygu1, Tugba Sari1, Turan Kaya2

  • 1Public Health Institution of Turkey, Ankara, Turkey.

Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases
|January 26, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and brucellosis can present with similar symptoms. This study found a co-infection rate of 4.16% in patients initially diagnosed with CCHF, highlighting the need for dual screening.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Bacteriology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe, zoonotic viral illness transmitted by ticks, caused by a Nairovirus.
  • Differential diagnosis between CCHF and other febrile illnesses, such as brucellosis, can be challenging due to overlapping clinical presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of brucellosis in patients with a clinical suspicion of CCHF.
  • To assess the diagnostic overlap and co-infection rates between CCHF and brucellosis in a Turkish cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 169 patients with an initial diagnosis of CCHF in Tokat, Turkey, during 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.
  • Laboratory confirmation of CCHF involved IgM antibody detection and/or PCR.
  • Brucellosis diagnosis was established using plate and standard tube agglutination (STA) tests.

Main Results:

  • Of 169 patients, 120 (79%) were confirmed to have CCHF via PCR.
  • Five patients (4.16%) were co-diagnosed with brucellosis, confirmed by positive agglutination tests.
  • Four additional patients (2.36%) presented with negative CCHF PCR results but positive brucellosis serology.

Conclusions:

  • Brucellosis and CCHF exhibit significant clinical mimicry, complicating accurate diagnosis.
  • Routine screening for both brucellosis and CCHF is recommended in endemic areas for patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of either disease.
  • Co-infection necessitates careful diagnostic evaluation to ensure appropriate treatment and prevent complications.
Abstract

Keywords:
BrucellosisCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic feverHaemorrhagic feverZoonosis

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