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Related Concept Videos

Glomerular Filtration01:15

Glomerular Filtration

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The filtration membrane in the renal system is a highly specialized structure essential for filtering blood. It consists of glomerular capillaries and podocytes, forming a selective barrier that permits the passage of water and small solutes while restricting most plasma proteins and blood cells.
Components of the Filtration Membrane
The filtration process involves three key layers: the glomerular endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and the podocyte-formed filtration slits.
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Glomerular Filtration Rate and its Regulation01:28

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The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a measure of kidney function, reflecting the volume of filtrate formed per minute in the kidneys. On average, GFR is approximately 125 mL/min in males and 105 mL/min in females. Maintaining a relatively constant GFR is essential for the kidneys to effectively regulate body fluid homeostasis and maintain extracellular stability.
GFR regulation involves two primary intrinsic controls: the myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms.
The myogenic...
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Glomerular Filtration: Net Filtration Pressure01:26

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Glomerular filtration, a key process in the kidneys, is regulated by three main pressures: Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (GBHP), Capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP), and Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP).
GBHP, with an average value of 55 mmHg, promotes filtration by pushing water and solutes through the filtration membrane. This is balanced by two opposing forces: CHP, a "back pressure" exerted against the filtration membrane by fluid already in the capsular space and renal...
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Renal Drug Excretion: Glomerular Filtration01:02

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The kidney serves as the primary organ responsible for eliminating drugs and their metabolites from the body. This process, known as renal elimination, starts with glomerular filtration and results in urine formation. Each kidney houses millions of functional units called nephrons, where urine production occurs. A nephron has two main components: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
Drugs gain access to the kidney via the renal artery, which progressively branches off into afferent arterioles....
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Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Glomerular Filtration01:17

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The kidney serves as the primary organ responsible for eliminating drugs and their metabolites from the body. This process, known as renal elimination, starts with glomerular filtration and results in urine formation. Each kidney houses millions of functional units called nephrons, where urine production takes place. A nephron has two main components: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule. Drugs gain access to the kidney via the renal artery, which progressively branches off into afferent...
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Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration01:29

Physiology of the Genitourinary System I: Renal Blood Flow and Glomerular Filtration

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The kidneys are vital organs responsible for regulating blood filtration, waste excretion, and fluid balance, all of which are crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Renal physiology examines renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and urine formation, ensuring the body’s internal environment remains stable.Renal Blood FlowThe kidneys receive about 20-25% of the cardiac output, typically around 1200 mL of blood per minute in an average adult. Blood flows into the kidneys through the renal...
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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Guided Differentiation of Mature Kidney Podocytes from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Under Chemically Defined Conditions
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Knocking down Cabin1 induces glomerular podocyte injury.

Yueqiang Wen1, Lingling Liu2, Qingdong Xu3

  • 1Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, GuangZhou Medical University, 250th, Chang Gang East Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China. yueqiangwen@163.com.

International Urology and Nephrology
|January 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Calcineurin-binding protein 1 (Cabin1) disruption damages podocyte cytoskeleton and mitochondria, contributing to kidney disease. Cabin1 plays a crucial role in podocyte injury and proteinuria.

Keywords:
Cabin1CytoskeletonMitochondrial dysfunctionPodocytep53

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Podocyte damage is central to proteinuria development.
  • Calcineurin-binding protein 1 (Cabin1) is upregulated in podocyte injury, but its function remains unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Cabin1 in podocyte injury and its impact on cytoskeleton and mitochondrial function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 5/6 nephrectomized rat model and angiotensin II (AngII)-induced podocyte injury.
  • Investigated Cabin1 knockdown using siRNA in cultured podocytes.
  • Assessed podocyte cytoskeleton, mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP), and protein expression via immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and western blot.

Main Results:

  • Nephrectomized rats exhibited proteinuria, glomerular sclerosis, and disrupted synaptopodin.
  • Podocyte mitochondria showed morphological changes and dysfunction (decreased MMP) post-injury.
  • Cabin1 knockdown exacerbated cytoskeleton disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction, indicated by increased cytochrome c release.

Conclusions:

  • Cabin1 knockdown leads to podocyte cytoskeleton disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • Cabin1 is identified as a critical factor in mediating podocyte damage and progression of kidney disease.