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The Synapse

The Synapse

Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.

Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...

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Electrical Synapses

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Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

A Method for Growing Bio-memristors from Slime Mold

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Published on: November 2, 2017

Solid-State Synapse Based on Magnetoelectrically Coupled Memristor.

Weichuan Huang¹, Yue-Wen Fang², Yuewei Yin^1,3

¹Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|January 26, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel artificial synapse using multiferroic tunnel junctions. This brain-inspired computing component allows for tunable resistance and synaptic plasticity, advancing artificial intelligence development.

Keywords:

interface magnetoelectric coupling memristor multiferroic tunnel junctions synaptic plasticity

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Neuroscience
Computer Engineering

Background:

Brain-inspired computing aims to mimic neural processes using artificial components.
Memristors with tunable resistance are key for creating artificial synapses.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate memristor behavior in a La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/BaTiO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 multiferroic tunnel junction.
To explore the manipulation of synaptic plasticity for artificial intelligence.

Main Methods:

Experimental investigation of memristor behavior in multiferroic tunnel junctions.
Density functional theory calculations to analyze magnetoelectric coupling.
Spike-timing-dependent plasticity investigations.

Main Results:

Ferroelectric domain dynamics are influenced by electrode magnetization alignment.
Interfacial spin polarization is continuously controlled by ferroelectric domain reversal.
Demonstrated tunable memristor resistance and synaptic plasticity.

Conclusions:

The study enhances understanding of magnetoelectric coupling in artificial synapse design.
Controllable and multiple plasticity characteristics in a single synapse are achieved.
This work contributes to the development of advanced artificial intelligence.