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Novel mediators of statin effects on plaque in HIV: a proteomics approach

Chris deFilippi1, Janet Lo2, Robert Christenson3

  • 1Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, Virginia.

AIDS (London, England)
|January 26, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Statin therapy in HIV patients with coronary plaque modulated inflammatory proteins and pathways, offering insights into cardiovascular disease progression. Novel biomarkers may personalize treatments for reducing atherosclerotic coronary vascular disease (ASCVD) in HIV.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • HIV infection is linked to increased atherosclerotic coronary vascular disease (ASCVD), potentially driven by inflammation.
  • Subclinical coronary plaque is common in asymptomatic HIV patients.
  • Understanding statin's impact on inflammatory pathways is crucial for managing ASCVD risk in HIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how statin therapy affects inflammatory and cardiovascular proteins in HIV patients with subclinical coronary plaque.
  • To explore the relationship between these protein changes and alterations in coronary plaque volume.
  • To utilize a novel proteomics approach to identify potential biomarkers for ASCVD progression in HIV.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving 40 HIV-infected participants.
  • Atorvastatin treatment (40 mg/day) versus placebo for 1 year.
  • Computed tomography coronary angiography for plaque volume assessment and Olink proteomic panels for protein analysis.

Main Results:

  • Six proteins showed significant changes with atorvastatin, many related to innate immunity and inflammation.
  • Twenty-six proteins correlated significantly with coronary plaque volume changes over one year.
  • Protein changes related to myocardial fibrosis and monocyte chemoattraction were observed with statin treatment and plaque volume, independent of LDL levels.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomic analysis reveals statin's influence on novel immune pathways relevant to ASCVD in HIV.
  • Biomarker discovery through proteomics can advance precision medicine for ASCVD risk reduction in HIV patients.
  • This study provides a foundation for developing targeted therapies to mitigate cardiovascular events in HIV.
Abstract

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