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Obesity induced alterations in redox homeostasis and oxidative stress are present from an early age

Alfonso M Lechuga-Sancho1,2,3, David Gallego-Andujar1, Pablo Ruiz-Ocaña2

  • 1Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain.

Plos One
|January 26, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Obese children with insulin resistance exhibit heightened oxidative stress and a weakened antioxidant defense during glucose challenges. Erythrocytes may serve as key indicators of these early changes in childhood obesity.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Syndrome Research
  • Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Studies

Background:

  • Obesity-related insulin resistance is a growing concern in children.
  • The roles of oxidative stress and inflammation in this condition are not fully understood, particularly in pediatric populations.
  • Investigating these mechanisms is crucial for early detection and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between oxidative stress, antioxidant response, and insulin resistance in obese children.
  • To measure specific biomarkers before and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
  • To identify potential indicators of early metabolic dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 18 obese children and 6 controls.
  • Administered an OGTT and collected plasma, erythrocyte, and urine samples at fasting, 60, and 120 minutes.
  • Analyzed lipoperoxides, advanced glycation end products, and erythrocyte redox status (GSH/GSSG ratio).

Main Results:

  • Obese children with insulin resistance (Ob.IR+) displayed significantly higher oxidative stress and a diminished antioxidant response compared to controls and obese children without insulin resistance (Ob.IR-).
  • Differences in oxidative status were noted in urine and erythrocytes, with altered antioxidant response dynamics during OGTT.
  • Increased oxidative stress post-glucose load was detected in erythrocytes of Ob.IR+ children, but not in plasma.

Conclusions:

  • Obese children with insulin resistance show elevated oxidative stress biomarkers and impaired antioxidant capacity following glucose intake.
  • Erythrocytes appear to be sensitive indicators of acute oxidative stress changes linked to insulin resistance in childhood obesity.
  • This pilot study suggests erythrocytes as potential biomarkers, but further research with larger sample sizes is warranted.
Abstract

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