PTSD and Complex PTSD: ICD-11 updates on concept and measurement in the UK, USA, Germany and Lithuania

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry and Psychology
• Clinical Psychology
• Trauma Studies

Background:

• The World Health Organization's ICD-11 introduces distinct diagnoses for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (CPTSD).
• Understanding the conceptual structure and measurement of these conditions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
• Cross-cultural validation of diagnostic tools is essential given global variations in trauma exposure and mental health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To update research on the conceptual structure and measurement of PTSD and CPTSD.
• To evaluate the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) for assessing PTSD and CPTSD according to ICD-11 criteria.
• To examine preliminary findings on the prevalence and distinction between PTSD and CPTSD across different countries.

Main Methods:

• Utilized the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) for assessment.
• Examined data from clinical and population samples in the USA, UK, Germany, and Lithuania.
• Analyzed preliminary findings on prevalence, reliability, and validity of ITQ in distinguishing PTSD and CPTSD.

Main Results:

• CPTSD appears common in both clinical and population samples, with potential variations in prevalence across countries.
• CPTSD is observed more frequently than PTSD in clinical samples.
• The ITQ demonstrates preliminary reliability and validity, effectively distinguishing between PTSD and CPTSD.

Conclusions:

• CPTSD is a significant clinical concern, frequently diagnosed alongside PTSD.
• The ITQ is a promising tool for measuring and differentiating PTSD and CPTSD based on ICD-11.
• Further cross-cultural research is recommended to explore international variations in PTSD and CPTSD prevalence, incidence, and predictors.