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Leukemic myeloblasts expressing lymphoid markers.

P Reizenstein, M Beksac, P Biberfeld

    Acta Haematologica
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Seven out of 60 acute myeloid leukemia patients exhibited both lymphoid and myeloid markers. These findings suggest a potential overlap in cell lineage expression in certain AML cases.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Oncology
    • Immunophenotyping

    Background:

    • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder.
    • Distinguishing AML subtypes is crucial for prognosis and treatment.
    • Co-expression of lymphoid and myeloid markers in AML requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the immunophenotypic characteristics of AML patients.
    • To identify cases of AML with co-expressed lymphoid and myeloid markers.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 60 AML patients without prior chronic myeloid leukemia or preleukemic phase.
    • Immunophenotyping using common acute lymphatic leukemia antigen (CALLA), peroxidase, and Leu M1.
    • Morphological classification (FAB M5b).

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  • Double staining techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • Seven of 60 AML patients (11.7%) displayed both lymphoid and myeloid markers.
    • All patients expressed CALLA (≥20% leukemic cells) and had positive peroxidase reactions.
    • Four patients had Auer rods.
    • Two patients with morphologically clear acute monocytic leukemia (FAB M5b) also expressed CALLA.
    • In 4 patients, the sum of marker percentages exceeded 100%, indicating co-expression.
    • Double staining confirmed co-expression of CALLA and myeloid markers on the same cells in 2 out of 3 patients.

    Conclusions:

    • A subset of AML patients can exhibit co-expression of lymphoid and myeloid markers.
    • CALLA expression in AML with myeloid features warrants further study.
    • These findings contribute to understanding AML heterogeneity.