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Analysis of Fusion Genes by NanoString System: A Role in Lung Cytology?

Greta Alì, Rossella Bruno, Mauro Savino

  • 1From the Unit of Pathological Anatomy (Drs Alì and Proietti and Ms Pelliccioni) and Pneumology (Dr Chella), the Endoscopic Section of Pneumology (Dr Ribechini), and the Program of Pleuropulmonary Pathology (Dr Fontanini), Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy; the Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy (Drs Bruno, Giannini, and Boldrini); and Diatech Pharmacogenetics srl, Jesi, Italy (Drs Savino and Menghi).

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|January 27, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The NanoString nCounter system shows promise for detecting gene fusions in lung adenocarcinoma, aiding targeted therapy selection. This method may be effective even in lung cytology samples, improving molecular characterization.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with ALK, ROS1, or RET gene rearrangements benefit from targeted kinase inhibitors.
  • Accurate detection of these gene fusions is crucial for personalized treatment strategies.
  • Assessing gene rearrangements in NSCLC, especially using lung cytology, presents diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential utility of the multiplex, transcript-based NanoString system for identifying gene fusions in lung adenocarcinoma.
  • To explore the application of NanoString technology in analyzing gene rearrangements relevant to NSCLC treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative literature review was conducted, searching PubMed for studies on the NanoString system, gene fusions, and lung adenocarcinoma.
  • Included studies focused on NanoString's application in detecting gene fusions in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues and evaluating lung cytology specimens.

Main Results:

  • NanoString fusion gene assays have demonstrated success in detecting gene fusions in FFPE tissues.
  • Preliminary findings suggest that NanoString assays may also be feasible for analyzing lung cytology samples.
  • The system is proposed to enhance the yield of molecular tests from small lung biopsies.

Conclusions:

  • The NanoString nCounter system offers a viable approach for detecting gene fusions in lung adenocarcinoma.
  • Its application in lung cytology warrants further investigation but appears promising.
  • NanoString technology has the potential to significantly improve the routine molecular characterization of lung adenocarcinoma for better patient management.

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