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Patient blood management in cardiac surgery: Results

A Pajares1, L Larrea2, I Zarragoikoetexea1

  • 1Área Anestesia Cardíaca, Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, España.

Revista Espanola De Anestesiologia Y Reanimacion
|January 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Implementing a blood-saving programme in cardiac surgery reduced transfusion rates and pulmonary complications. While blood product use decreased, fibrinogen increased, and mortality remained unchanged.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Patient Blood Management

Background:

  • Elective cardiac surgery often necessitates blood transfusions, carrying associated risks.
  • Optimizing blood management strategies is crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of a blood-saving program on transfusion rates and complications in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.
  • To analyze the effectiveness of a comprehensive blood management protocol in a real-world clinical setting.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, comparative study of 604 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.
  • Patients were divided into two groups: pre-implementation (293) and post-implementation (311) of a blood-saving protocol.
  • Data collected included transfusion rates, complication incidence, hospital stay, and mortality.

Main Results:

  • The post-implementation group showed a significant reduction in overall blood product transfusion rates (89.5% vs. 67.6%).
  • Specific reductions were observed in red blood cell concentrates, fresh frozen plasma, and platelet transfusions.
  • Pulmonary complications decreased significantly (57.8% vs. 43.1%), while fibrinogen use increased (16.4% vs. 49%).

Conclusions:

  • Implementation of a blood-saving program effectively reduces blood product transfusion in cardiac surgery.
  • The program led to a decrease in pulmonary complications and intensive care unit length of stay.
  • While beneficial, the program did not impact the overall mortality rate.
Abstract

Keywords:
Ahorro de sangreBlood component transfusionBlood savingCardiac surgeryCirugía cardiacaComplicacionesComplicationsEstancia hospitalariaHospital stayTransfusión de componentes sanguíneos

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