Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026
07:17
An Orthotopic Resectional Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer
Published on: September 24, 2020
12.6K
Epidurals in Pancreatic Resection Outcomes (E-PRO) study: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
Linda Ma Pak1, Simon Haroutounian2, William G Hawkins1
1Department of Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
BMJ Open
|January 29, 2018
Summary
Epidural analgesia in pancreatic surgery may reduce opioid use and persistent postsurgical pain. Further research is needed to confirm benefits for oncological outcomes and survival.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Surgical Oncology
- Pain Management
Background:
- Epidural analgesia offers synergistic pain control, potentially reducing opioid consumption.
- Benefits may extend to decreased postoperative delirium and persistent postsurgical pain (PPSP).
- Prior studies suggest a link between epidural analgesia and improved oncological outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of epidural analgesia during pancreatic operations.
- To assess effects on immediate postoperative outcomes, PPSP development, and oncological results.
Main Methods:
- Prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 150 patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy or distal pancreatectomy.
- Intervention group received epidural bupivacaine infusion plus standard pain regimen.
- Control group received only the standard postoperative pain regimen.
Main Results:
- Primary outcome: postoperative opioid consumption (morphine equivalents).
- Secondary outcomes: pain scores, inflammatory markers, delirium, PPSP, disease-free, and overall survival.
- Trial registration: NCT02681796.
Conclusions:
- The E-PRO study aims to provide critical data on epidural analgesia's role in pancreatic surgery.
- Findings will inform clinical practice regarding pain management and potential long-term benefits.
Related Concept Videos
01:23Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
488
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
488
01:12Trial and Error and Algorithm
435
A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...
435
01:11Clinical Trials: Overview
5.1K
Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
5.1K
01:16Clinical Trials
10.9K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
10.9K
02:24Predicting Reaction Outcomes
11.0K
Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
11.0K
01:13Outcomes of Glycolysis
107.8K
Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
107.8K