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Bioanalytical Methods for New Psychoactive Substances.

Lea Wagmann1, Hans H Maurer2

  • 1Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|January 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Analyzing new psychoactive substances (NPS) in biological samples is difficult due to their novelty and low concentrations. This review covers methods for detecting and quantifying NPS in clinical and forensic toxicology.

Keywords:
BioanalysisBiosamplesBloodDetectionDrugs of abuseHairMass spectrometryNPSNew psychoactive substancesNovel psychoactive substancesOral fluidPlasmaQuantificationScreeningSerumUrine

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • The emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) presents significant challenges in forensic and clinical toxicology.
  • Detecting NPS in biological matrices is complicated by low analyte concentrations and extensive metabolism of parent compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review bioanalytical methods for the detection, identification, and quantification of NPS in various biological samples.
  • To discuss challenges and pitfalls associated with NPS bioanalysis.

Main Methods:

  • Focused on single- and multi-analyte procedures for NPS bioanalysis.
  • Considered sample preparation, instrumentation, detection modes, and data evaluation.
  • Included a review of English-written original research and review articles published from October 2012 to September 2017.

Main Results:

  • NPS bioanalysis requires specialized methods due to the diversity of NPS structures and their metabolites.
  • Challenges include low concentrations in biofluids and complex sample matrices.
  • Various biomatrices like blood, urine, oral fluid, and hair were considered.

Conclusions:

  • Effective bioanalytical strategies are crucial for addressing the challenges posed by NPS in toxicology.
  • The review provides insights into current methodologies and potential pitfalls in NPS detection and quantification.