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An Analysis of the Associations among Cognitive Impulsiveness, Reasoning Process, and Rational Decision Making.

Ana P G Jelihovschi1, Ricardo L Cardoso1, Alexandre Linhares1

  • 1Fundacao Getulio Vargas, Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Frontiers in Psychology
|January 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive impulsiveness negatively impacts decision-making. Participants who used calculations and inhibited immediate answers on the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) made better decisions, regardless of their general impulsivity levels.

Keywords:
BIS-11CRTdecision makingdual processexecutive functionsimpulsivityreasoning processreflectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral economics

Background:

  • Impulsivity is linked to psychopathology and maladaptive behaviors.
  • The relationship between cognitive impulsiveness and decision-making requires further investigation.
  • Understanding decision-making strategies is crucial for addressing impulsivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of cognitive impulsiveness on decision-making.
  • To explore problem-solving strategies in relation to impulsivity.
  • To examine the role of executive functions in decision-making and impulsivity.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed impulsivity using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT).
  • Analyzed participants' reasoning processes on the CRT (calculations, data organization, erasures).
  • Sample comprised 191 adults (professionals and students in business, management, accounting).

Main Results:

  • Cognitive impulsiveness was found to negatively affect decision-making quality.
  • Participants who used calculation-based reasoning for CRT questions demonstrated better decision-making.
  • No significant differences in decision-making strategies were observed between impulsive and non-impulsive individuals.
  • Inhibiting immediate responses on the CRT correlated with improved decision-making outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive impulsiveness poses a risk to effective decision-making.
  • Deliberative reasoning processes, such as calculation, enhance decision quality.
  • Interventions aimed at improving decision-making may benefit from focusing on response inhibition and deliberate thinking.