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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
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Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

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In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

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Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

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The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

X-ray Visualization of Intraductal Ethanol-based Ablative Infusion for Prevention of Breast Cancer in Rabbit Models
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X-ray Visualization of Intraductal Ethanol-based Ablative Infusion for Prevention of Breast Cancer in Rabbit Models

Published on: September 12, 2025

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Selenium for preventing cancer.

Marco Vinceti1, Tommaso Filippini, Cinzia Del Giovane

  • 1Research Center in Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, Modena, Italy, 41125.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selenium supplements do not prevent cancer in humans, according to high-certainty evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Observational studies suggest a link between selenium exposure and lower cancer risk, but these findings have significant limitations.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Selenium is a naturally occurring element with essential nutritional and potential toxicological roles.
  • Previous research suggested selenium and its supplements might offer protection against various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the etiological relationship between selenium exposure and human cancer risk.
  • To determine the efficacy of selenium supplementation for cancer prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Updated systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and longitudinal observational studies.
  • Meta-analyses were performed on data from included studies.
  • Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using established tools (Cochrane's tool, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, GRADE).

Main Results:

  • High-certainty evidence from RCTs (10 studies, 27,232 participants) showed no significant effect of selenium supplementation on overall cancer incidence (RR 1.01) or mortality.
  • No consistent effects were observed for specific cancer types, although some RCTs indicated increased risks of high-grade prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes.
  • Observational studies (70 studies, >2.3 million participants) suggested an inverse association between selenium exposure and cancer risk, but these studies had significant limitations including potential confounding and exposure misclassification.

Conclusions:

  • Robust evidence from RCTs indicates that selenium supplementation does not prevent cancer in humans.
  • Observational data suggesting a protective effect are limited by methodological weaknesses and lack of dose-response evidence.
  • Further research is warranted for specific genetic or nutritional contexts and different selenium forms.