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Can spatialisation be extended to episodic memory and open sets?

Alessandro Guida1, Sophie Carnet1, Marlène Normandon2

  • 1a Laboratoire de Psychologie, Comportement, Cognition et Communication , Université Rennes , Rennes Cedex , France.

Memory (Hove, England)
|January 30, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Spatial Positional Associated Response Codes (SPoARC) effect was not found in episodic memory with long, open lists. However, it was observed in working memory with short, open lists, extending its known applications.

Keywords:
Episodic memorySPoARCopen setordinal position effectworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • The Spatial Positional Associated Response Codes (SPoARC) effect, linked to spatializing items in working memory (WM), was previously only observed with closed sets.
  • Spatialization is theorized to provide context for memory recall.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the SPoARC effect extends to episodic memory (EM) using open sets and longer lists.
  • To determine if list length or open set characteristics prevent the SPoARC effect in EM.
  • To generalize the SPoARC effect to open sets in WM.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Participants recalled 15-word lists from an open set, with varied key assignments for yes/no recognition probes.
  • Experiment 2: Participants recalled 5-word lists from an open set to isolate list length effects.
  • Analysis focused on the presence or absence of the SPoARC effect under different list conditions.

Main Results:

  • No SPoARC effect was observed in Experiment 1 (15-word open lists), suggesting it does not extend to EM under these conditions.
  • A SPoARC effect was observed in Experiment 2 (5-word open lists), indicating the effect is present in WM even with open sets.
  • The absence of the effect in Experiment 1 was attributed to supra-span list length rather than the open set itself.

Conclusions:

  • The SPoARC effect is limited to working memory and does not extend to episodic memory with open sets, particularly for supra-span lists.
  • The SPoARC effect can be observed in working memory using open sets, broadening its applicability within WM research.
  • List length is a critical factor influencing the manifestation of the SPoARC effect.