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Multiple Roots of Fruiting Body Formation in Amoebozoa.

Falk Hillmann¹, Gillian Forbes², Silvia Novohradská¹

¹Junior Research Group Evolution of Microbial Interaction, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.

Genome Biology and Evolution

|January 30, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Multicellularity evolved differently in amoebozoans. While dictyosteliids and protosteliids form fruiting bodies, genomic analysis reveals distinct evolutionary paths and signaling gene repertoires, highlighting adaptability in early multicellular life.

Keywords:

Amoebozoa Dictyostelia Protostelium evolution of development multicellular development signaling transcriptome

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Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Cellular and molecular biology
Genomics

Background:

Multicellularity is a key evolutionary transition in eukaryotes.
Amoebozoa exhibit diverse developmental strategies, including aggregative multicellularity in dictyosteliids and simpler spore formation in protosteliids.
Understanding the genetic basis of these transitions is crucial for evolutionary studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the genetic and transcriptomic differences between protostelid and dictyostelid multicellular development.
To identify conserved and divergent genes involved in fruiting body formation within Amoebozoa.
To explore the role of environmental sensing and signal processing genes in early multicellularity.

Main Methods:

Comparative genomics and transcriptomics of Protostelium aurantium var. fungivorum, social and solitary Amoebozoa.
Analysis of gene upregulation during fruiting body formation.
Comparison of gene expression patterns with Dictyostelium discoideum and Acanthamoeba castellanii.

Main Results:

Nearly 4,000 genes are upregulated during fruiting body formation in P. aurantium.
Over 500 conserved genes were identified between P. aurantium and dictyosteliids, but many are also present in non-fruiting Acanthamoeba.
Gene expression regulation differs between P. aurantium and D. discoideum, suggesting distinct evolutionary routes to multicellularity.
A large repertoire of environmental sensing and signal processing genes was observed, indicating high adaptability.

Conclusions:

Protostelids and dictyosteliids likely evolved distinct genetic pathways for multicellular development.
Conserved genes involved in fruiting body formation may have different regulatory mechanisms across species.
The extensive signaling gene repertoire in single-celled amoebozoans likely facilitated the evolution of early multicellularity.