Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026
12:18
Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
Published on: February 9, 2011
23.7K
Inducible Costimulator Contributes to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia
Silvia Pires1, Rudy Jacquet1, Dane Parker1
1Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|January 30, 2018
Summary
Inducible costimulator (ICOS) drives severe pneumonia from Staphylococcus aureus. Blocking ICOS improves survival and reduces bacterial load, highlighting ICOS as a therapeutic target for S. aureus infections.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of community- and healthcare-acquired pneumonia.
- Inducible costimulator (ICOS) is a CD28 family protein and a target for immune checkpoint therapy.
- ICOS is highly expressed on activated CD4 cells during S. aureus infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of ICOS in the immune response to Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.
- To evaluate ICOS as a potential immunomodulatory target for S. aureus-related immunopathology.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a murine pneumonia model with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) USA300.
- Compared survival rates and bacterial burden in Icos-/- mice versus wild-type mice.
- Analyzed immune cell populations, cytokine profiles, and surface marker expression in infected lungs.
Main Results:
- Icos-/- mice exhibited improved survival and reduced bacterial burden compared to wild-type controls.
- Absence of ICOS led to decreased proinflammatory cytokines, neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils.
- Icos-/- mice showed enhanced alveolar macrophage function and increased numbers early in infection.
Conclusions:
- ICOS plays a significant role in orchestrating the innate immune response to S. aureus.
- Targeting ICOS signaling can attenuate S. aureus-induced immunopathology and improve pathogen clearance.
- ICOS inhibition represents a potential therapeutic strategy for S. aureus and other airway pathogen pneumonias.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
932
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
932
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
3.1K
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
3.1K
01:23Binet's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence
1.8K
Alfred Binet, along with his student Théophile Simon, was tasked by the French Ministry of Education in 1904 to create a method for identifying students who struggled to learn through conventional classroom instruction. This initiative aimed to address overcrowding by placing such students in specialized schools. Binet and Simon developed an intelligence test comprising 30 tasks, ranging from simple commands, like touching one's nose or ear, to more complex tasks, such as drawing...
1.8K
01:23Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence
2.2K
David Wechsler, a psychologist who worked with World War I veterans, developed a significant IQ test in 1939 called the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale. This test was innovative because it combined several subtests that measured both verbal and nonverbal skills, reflecting Wechsler's belief that intelligence is a global capacity involving purposeful action, rational thinking, and effective interaction with the environment. This test later evolved into the Wechsler Adult Intelligence...
2.2K
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
835
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
835
01:22Resistivity
4.6K
When a voltage is applied to a conductor, an electrical field is generated, and charges in the conductor feel the force due to the electrical field. The current density that results depends on the electrical field and the properties of the material. In some materials, including metals at a given temperature, the current density is approximately proportional to the electrical field. In these cases, the current density can be modeled as:
4.6K