[Comparative assessment of efficiency of the low-calorie diets modified by proteinaceous and vitamin cocktails]

The aim of the work is comparative assessment of efficiency of a hypocaloric diet with inclusion of proteinaceous and vitamin cocktails at obesity. 90 patients with obesity of the II–III degree at the age of 18–65 years by the principle of casual selection were divided into three groups. Control group (30 patients) received a standard low-calorie diet with an energy value of 1600 kcal/day. The diet of the 1st group (30 patients) was modified by the inclusion of protein-vitamin-mineral cocktail (16 g of dry mixture with the addition of 250 ml of yogurt 1.0% fat) twice a day, diet of the 2nd group (30 patients) – the inclusion of a protein cocktail (16 g of dry mixture with the addition of 250 ml of yogurt 1.0% fat), while excluding from the diet equivalent caloric meals. The 1st group of patients had a decrease in fat mass by 4.2±0.7 kg (p<0.02), in active lean mass by 1.1±0.1 kg, in total fluid volume by 2.2±0.3 kg (p<0.02). The 2nd group of patients had a decrease in fat mass by 3.8±0.9 kg (p<0.01), in lean mass by 1.4±0.3 kg and in the total fluid volume by 3.1±0.9 l (p<0.02). In the control group attention should be paid to a decrease in lean mass by 1.9±0.6 kg, while fat mass decreased by 3.0±0.4 kg (p<0.02) and the total fluid volume by 3.1±0.9 l (p<0.02). Evaluation of the changes of serum biochemical parameters after treatment demonstrated that the 1st group of patients had significant favorable dynamics of reduction of serum level of total cholesterol, uric acid and glucose (17.7, 28.2 and 18.3%, respectively), which was more pronounced compared with the dynamics in the control group (the decrease by 15, 19.2 and 8.2%, respectively). In the 2nd group of patients the decrease rate of the observed parameters was less pronounced (15, 19.2 and 8.2%, respectively). More appreciable favorable dynamics of biochemical parameters and reduction in body weight in the 1st and 2nd groups in relation to the control group allow to reasonably apply the protein-vitamin cocktails in a diet therapy at obesity.