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Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosing Optimization of Ceftazidime in Infants

Zhong-Ren Shi1, Xing-Kai Chen2, Li-Yuan Tian3

  • 1Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
|January 31, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Current ceftazidime dosing in infants risks underdosing. New pharmacokinetic data and simulations suggest adjusted dosing regimens are needed to optimize treatment and improve outcomes for pediatric infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin for bacterial infections.
  • Limited pediatric pharmacokinetic data exist for ceftazidime in infants.
  • Optimizing infant dosing is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate population pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in infants.
  • Define optimal ceftazidime dosage regimens for pediatric patients.
  • Reduce the risk of underdosing in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Population pharmacokinetic analysis using NONMEM (version 7.2.0).
  • Quantification of ceftazidime concentrations via HPLC-UV.
  • Monte Carlo simulations to assess dosing regimens.

Main Results:

  • Body weight and creatinine clearance significantly influenced ceftazidime clearance.
  • Current 50 mg/kg twice daily dosing shows high risk of underdosing.
  • Doses of 25 mg/kg q8h and 50 mg/kg q8h are needed for MICs of 4 and 8 mg/L, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Established population pharmacokinetic profile for ceftazidime in infants.
  • Current dosing regimens may be inadequate for achieving therapeutic targets.
  • Evidence-based dosing recommendations are provided to optimize ceftazidime therapy in infants.

Keywords:
ceftazidimedosinginfantspharmacokinetics

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