Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

760
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
760
Generalized Hooke's Law01:22

Generalized Hooke's Law

2.8K
The generalized Hooke's Law is a broadened version of Hooke's Law, which extends to all types of stress and in every direction. Consider an isotropic material shaped into a cube subjected to multiaxial loading. In this scenario, normal stresses are exerted along the three coordinate axes. As a result of these stresses, the cubic shape deforms into a rectangular parallelepiped. Despite this deformation, the new shape maintains equal sides, and there is a normal strain in the direction of the...
2.8K
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other01:20

Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other

276
According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
276
Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction01:24

Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction

1.5K
Generalization, discrimination, and extinction are key concepts in operant conditioning that influence how behaviors are learned and maintained.
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...
1.5K
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

2.7K
Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
2.7K
Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

1.5K
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The default mode network: where spontaneous thought meets memory consolidation.

Current opinion in behavioral sciences·2026
Same author

Item recognition is associated with gut microbiota composition in healthy humans.

Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on the Behavioral and Multivariate Neural Correlates of Contextual Fear Learning.

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging·2026
Same author

Affective valence as a computational signal for learning value.

Communications psychology·2026
Same author

Augmenting extinction with counterconditioning strengthens and sustains neural safety representations in PTSD.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Medial temporal lobe encodes cognitive maps of real-world social networks.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
06:18

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm

Published on: October 20, 2022

2.6K

Stimulus generalization as a mechanism for learning to trust.

Oriel FeldmanHall1, Joseph E Dunsmoor2, Alexa Tompary3

  • 1Department of Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906; oriel.feldmanhall@brown.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Humans generalize trust based on perceived similarity to familiar individuals. We found people trust strangers resembling trustworthy people and avoid those resembling untrustworthy ones, demonstrating learned social trust.

Keywords:
amygdalacaudatesocial learningstimulus generalizationtrust

More Related Videos

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE
06:57

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Published on: May 14, 2019

10.9K
A Generalized Method for Determining Free Soluble Phenolic Acid Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals and Legumes
10:30

A Generalized Method for Determining Free Soluble Phenolic Acid Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals and Legumes

Published on: June 10, 2022

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
06:18

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm

Published on: October 20, 2022

2.6K
Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE
06:57

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Published on: May 14, 2019

10.9K
A Generalized Method for Determining Free Soluble Phenolic Acid Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals and Legumes
10:30

A Generalized Method for Determining Free Soluble Phenolic Acid Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals and Legumes

Published on: June 10, 2022

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Social cognitive neuroscience
  • Behavioral economics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Social learning relies on generalizing past experiences to new situations.
  • Perceptual similarity influences trust decisions towards unfamiliar individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how perceptual similarity to known individuals shapes social learning and trust in strangers.
  • To explore the neural mechanisms underlying trust generalization.

Main Methods:

  • Behavioral trust game with parametric morphing of unfamiliar partners.
  • fMRI study using multivariate pattern similarity analysis.
  • Stimulus generalization framework applied to social trust.

Main Results:

  • Subjects preferred partners resembling previously learned trustworthy individuals and avoided those resembling untrustworthy ones.
  • Trust decisions followed a generalization gradient based on perceptual similarity.
  • Amygdala activation patterns correlated with perceived untrustworthiness; caudate activity reflected trust decisions.

Conclusions:

  • Perceptual similarity is a key factor in generalizing trust to unfamiliar individuals.
  • Neural mechanisms in the amygdala and caudate support learned trust and distrust.
  • Associative learning efficiently uses past moral information to guide future social choices.