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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

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Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
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RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

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RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Computational Pipeline for Analyzing Chimeric Noncoding RNA-Target RNA Interactions in High-Throughput Sequencing Data
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Small RNA Sequencing: A Technique for miRNA Profiling.

Lucas Carminatti Pantaleão1, Susan E Ozanne2

  • 1MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|January 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study details a small RNA sequencing (sRNA-Seq) protocol for profiling microRNA (miRNA) in mammalian tissues. The method covers RNA purification, library preparation, and data analysis for gene expression studies.

Keywords:
EpigeneticsMicroRNAsProgrammingTranscriptional changessRNA-Seq

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • MicroRNA (miRNA) signatures are crucial for understanding gene expression regulation in various biological states.
  • Accurate miRNA profiling is essential for both health and disease research.
  • Small RNA sequencing (sRNA-Seq) is the leading technology for comprehensive miRNA analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a standardized sRNA-Seq protocol for miRNA profiling in mammalian tissues.
  • To provide a detailed workflow from sample processing to data analysis.
  • To facilitate reproducible miRNA signature identification.

Main Methods:

  • RNA purification from mammalian tissue samples.
  • Library preparation optimized for small RNA detection.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of raw sequencing data.

Main Results:

  • A robust sRNA-Seq protocol was established.
  • The protocol enables efficient identification of miRNA profiles.
  • The workflow supports downstream gene expression analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The described sRNA-Seq protocol is a valuable tool for miRNA research.
  • This method aids in the discovery of disease-specific miRNA signatures.
  • The protocol supports advancements in understanding post-transcriptional gene regulation.