Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Field Effect Transistor01:29

Field Effect Transistor

1.2K
Field-effect transistors (FETs) are integral to electronic circuits and distinguished by their three-terminal setup: the gate, drain, and source. These transistors operate as unipolar devices, which utilize either electrons or holes as charge carriers, in contrast to bipolar transistors, which use both types of carriers. The primary function of the FET is to modulate the flow of these carriers from the source to the drain through a channel. The voltage difference between the gate and source...
1.2K
Respiratory Regulation of Acid-Base Balance01:18

Respiratory Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

1.8K
Respiratory compensation is a vital physiological process that stabilizes blood plasma pH by regulating the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), a key determinant of pH levels. Most carbon dioxide in the blood dissolves and converts into carbonic acid (H2CO3). It dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3⁻). There is also an inverse relationship between PCO2​​ and pH.
When carbon dioxide levels increase in the blood, more H+ and HCO3⁻ are...
1.8K
Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance01:29

Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

1.9K
Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
1.9K
Weak Base Solutions03:21

Weak Base Solutions

25.5K
Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
25.5K
Acid-Base Balance01:25

Acid-Base Balance

2.8K
The human body maintains a narrow pH range regulated through acid-base balance. This balance is crucial as changes in the hydrogen ion concentration can disrupt cell membrane stability, alter protein structures, and change enzyme activities. The normal pH of arterial blood is 7.4, venous blood and interstitial fluid is 7.35, and intracellular fluid averages 7.0.
When the pH of arterial blood rises above 7.45, it results in a condition called alkalosis. Conversely, a drop below 7.35 leads to...
2.8K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

8.3K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
8.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Precise End-Group Conjugated-Site Isomerization of Wing-Typed Dimeric Acceptors Enables 20.32% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Copolymerized Plasticizer Enables Halogen-Free Processing Toward 20.78% and 17.83% Efficient Organic Solar Cells and Modules.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Characterization of GeBP/GeBP-like family in pear and functional analysis of PbrGPL1 in pollen tube growth.

Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology·2026
Same author

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control of π-Stacked Dimer Conductance in Single-Molecule Junctions.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Chemo-, Diastereo-, and Enantioselective Radical Cyclization of Enals to Access Cyclopentanols Bearing an α-Quaternary Center.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Copper (II) Chloride Mediated Interfacial Permeation for High-Efficient and Stable Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors
08:43

Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors

Published on: November 7, 2016

8.5K

Solution-Processable Balanced Ambipolar Field-Effect Transistors Based on Carbonyl-Regulated Copolymers.

Chengdong Yang1, Renren Fang1,2, Xiongfa Yang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P. R. China.

Chemistry, an Asian Journal
|January 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed new conjugated copolymers for ambipolar field-effect transistors. These materials show balanced charge transport, crucial for creating efficient complementary circuits using these advanced semiconductor devices.

Keywords:
ambipolarcarbonyl groupscopolymerizationorganic field-effect transistorssemiconductors

More Related Videos

Fabrication of a Solution-gated Indium-Tin-Oxide-based One-piece Transistor Enabling Sensitive Biosensing
10:45

Fabrication of a Solution-gated Indium-Tin-Oxide-based One-piece Transistor Enabling Sensitive Biosensing

Published on: August 29, 2025

726
Preparation of Silicon Nanowire Field-effect Transistor for Chemical and Biosensing Applications
11:25

Preparation of Silicon Nanowire Field-effect Transistor for Chemical and Biosensing Applications

Published on: April 21, 2016

11.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors
08:43

Effect of Bending on the Electrical Characteristics of Flexible Organic Single Crystal-based Field-effect Transistors

Published on: November 7, 2016

8.5K
Fabrication of a Solution-gated Indium-Tin-Oxide-based One-piece Transistor Enabling Sensitive Biosensing
10:45

Fabrication of a Solution-gated Indium-Tin-Oxide-based One-piece Transistor Enabling Sensitive Biosensing

Published on: August 29, 2025

726
Preparation of Silicon Nanowire Field-effect Transistor for Chemical and Biosensing Applications
11:25

Preparation of Silicon Nanowire Field-effect Transistor for Chemical and Biosensing Applications

Published on: April 21, 2016

11.7K

Area of Science:

  • Organic electronics
  • Materials science
  • Semiconductor device physics

Background:

  • Ambipolar field-effect transistors are essential for complementary circuits.
  • Achieving balanced hole and electron transport requires precise energy level alignment between semiconductors and electrodes.
  • Structural tailoring of semiconductor materials is key to regulating frontier orbital energy levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel conjugated copolymers for ambipolar semiconductor applications.
  • To investigate the impact of structural modifications, specifically the incorporation of carbonyl groups, on material properties.
  • To evaluate the performance of these copolymers in polymer thin-film transistors.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of five novel conjugated copolymers featuring strong electron-withdrawing carbonyl groups.
  • Fabrication of polymer thin-film transistors using a solution-processing method.
  • Characterization of transistor performance, including hole and electron mobility measurements.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized copolymers exhibited low LUMO energy levels and narrow bandgaps due to the electron-withdrawing effect of carbonyl groups.
  • Polymer thin-film transistors demonstrated high and balanced hole and electron mobility.
  • Achieved mobilities reached up to 0.46 cm2 V-1 s-1.

Conclusions:

  • The developed conjugated copolymers show significant promise as ambipolar semiconductor materials.
  • The structural design effectively facilitated balanced charge transport properties.
  • These materials are suitable for constructing advanced electronic devices like complementary circuits.