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Akke Alberts1, Agneta Blanck Olerup2, Pelle Gustafson3

  • 1Capio Ortopediska huset - Johanneshov, Sweden Capio Ortopediska huset - Johanneshov, Sweden.

Lakartidningen
|January 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary
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Puerperal fever (childbed fever) remains a risk, even after uncomplicated deliveries. Group A streptococci can cause severe infections, highlighting the need for improved hospital hygiene to prevent nosocomial infections.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Puerperal fever, or childbed fever, is a serious obstetric infection that can occur postpartum.
  • While less common now, it remains a potential complication that requires vigilance.
  • This study examines recent cases to understand current trends and causative agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze claims related to obstetric infections in Sweden between 2010-2014.
  • To identify the types of infections, their severity, and associated bacteria.
  • To inform strategies for preventing puerperal fever and other nosocomial infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 33 claims submitted to the Swedish National Patient Insurance (LÖF).
  • Focus on 14 cases of endometritis and 9 cases of fulminant puerperal fever.

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  • Identification of bacterial pathogens involved in the infections.
  • Main Results:

    • Nine cases of severe puerperal fever were identified, two of which were life-threatening.
    • Fulminant infections were often caused by Group A streptococci and occurred after uncomplicated deliveries.
    • Milder endometritis cases were linked to less virulent bacteria and early birth complications.

    Conclusions:

    • Highly virulent bacteria, such as Group A streptococci, are associated with severe puerperal fever, even after normal deliveries.
    • Less virulent bacteria cause milder infections, typically following obstetric complications.
    • Enhanced hospital hygiene is crucial for reducing the incidence of nosocomial obstetric infections.