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Enrolling children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia on a clinical trial improves event-free survival: a

Caron Strahlendorf1, Jason D Pole2, Randy Barber3

  • 1British Columbia Children's Hospital, 4480 Oak St, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada.

British Journal of Cancer
|January 31, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) enrolled in clinical trials at diagnosis had significantly better event-free survival. Further research is needed to understand barriers to trial enrollment in pediatric ALL patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Clinical Trials
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Investigating the impact of clinical trial enrollment on survival outcomes in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
  • Utilizing a population-based approach to analyze survival data for children diagnosed with ALL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if enrollment in a clinical trial at the time of diagnosis affects event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in children with ALL.
  • To analyze survival data using a population-based approach.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of children aged 1-14 years newly diagnosed with ALL.
  • Data sourced from the national Cancer in Young People in Canada (CYP-C) database.
  • Univariate and multiple Cox proportional hazards models were employed for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Out of 2569 children with ALL, 1408 (54.8%) were enrolled in a clinical trial at diagnosis.
  • Five-year event-free survival was higher for those enrolled (89.8%±0.9) versus not enrolled (84.1%±1.2; P<0.0001).
  • Five-year overall survival was also higher for enrolled children (94.1%±0.7) versus not enrolled (90.5%±1.0; P=0.001).
  • Adjusted models showed trial enrollment significantly associated with better EFS (HR 0.67, P=0.023) but not OS (HR 0.69, P=0.102).

Conclusions:

  • Event-free survival is significantly improved in pediatric ALL patients enrolled in clinical trials.
  • Identifying barriers to clinical trial enrollment is crucial for future research and improving outcomes in pediatric ALL.
Abstract

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