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Related Concept Videos

Concentration Cells02:41

Concentration Cells

25.9K
A concentration cell is a type of a  voltaic cell constructed by connecting two almost identical half-cells, both based on the same half-reaction and using the same electrode, differing only in the concentration of one redox species. A concentration cell's potential, therefore, is determined only by the concentration difference of the particular redox species.
Consider the following voltaic cell:
25.9K
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

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On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
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Solution Concentration and Dilution02:59

Solution Concentration and Dilution

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The relative amount of a given solution component is known as its concentration. Often, though not always, a solution contains one component with a concentration that is significantly greater than that of all other components. This component is called the solvent and may be viewed as the medium in which the other components are dispersed or dissolved. Solutions in which water is the solvent are, of course, very common on our planet. A solution in which water is the solvent is called an aqueous...
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Stress Concentrations01:13

Stress Concentrations

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The concept of stress concentration is crucial for understanding how materials respond under bending stresses, particularly when there are irregularities or discontinuities in the material's geometry. Normally, stress in a symmetric member subjected to pure bending is assumed to be uniformly distributed across the entire cross-section. However, this assumption does not hold when there are variations in the cross-sectional geometry or the presence of notches and holes.
The stress...
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Stress Concentrations01:24

Stress Concentrations

731
Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller...
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Concentration and Rate Law03:03

Concentration and Rate Law

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The rate of a reaction is affected by the concentrations of reactants. Rate laws (differential rate laws) or rate equations are mathematical expressions describing the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentration of its reactants.
For example, in a generic reaction aA + bB ⟶ products, where a and b are stoichiometric coefficients, the rate law can be written as:
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Related Experiment Video

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Picoinjection of Microfluidic Drops Without Metal Electrodes
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Concentric electrodes improve microfluidic droplet sorting.

Iain C Clark1, Rohan Thakur, Adam R Abate

  • 1Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. adam.abate@ucsf.edu.

Lab on a Chip
|February 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new microfluidic droplet sorting device uses dielectrophoresis with a concentric design to apply a longer force, improving sorting speed and reliability for various applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Microfluidics
  • Cell Sorting

Background:

  • Microfluidic droplet sorting enables the selection of specific cell, nucleic acid, and biomolecule subpopulations.
  • Dielectrophoresis is a common microfluidic sorting technique due to its strong forces and rapid actuation.
  • Current dielectrophoresis designs apply short forces, limiting droplet deflection, sorting speed, and reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel microfluidic droplet sorting device with enhanced performance.
  • To overcome the limitations of short-force application in existing dielectrophoresis sorters.
  • To improve the speed, reliability, and purity of microfluidic droplet sorting.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a concentric microfluidic chip design.
  • Application of dielectrophoresis with a prolonged force application.
  • Demonstration of sorting capabilities using polydisperse emulsions.

Main Results:

  • The concentric design enables larger droplet deflections compared to conventional methods.
  • The device achieves increased reliability in sorting applications.
  • Successful sorting of difficult-to-handle polydisperse emulsions with high purity.

Conclusions:

  • The novel concentric dielectrophoresis design significantly enhances microfluidic droplet sorting.
  • This improved method offers greater speed, reliability, and purity, particularly for complex samples.
  • The technology has broad potential for applications in cell sorting and biomolecule selection.