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Related Concept Videos

Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

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Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
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Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

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Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
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Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

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Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
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RBMX is a component of the centromere noncoding RNP complex involved in cohesion regulation.

Yukiko Cho1, Takashi Ideue1, Megumi Nagayama2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.

Genes to Cells : Devoted to Molecular & Cellular Mechanisms
|February 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Satellite I RNA stabilizes RBMX and Sororin proteins within a noncoding ribonucleoprotein complex, ensuring proper sister chromatid cohesion during cell division. This complex is crucial for accurate chromosome segregation.

Keywords:
RBMXaurora kinase Bcentromerecohesion regulatorsatellite I ncRNAsister chromatid cohesion

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Satellite I RNA is a noncoding RNA from human centromeres.
  • It forms a noncoding ribonucleoprotein (ncRNP) complex with Aurora kinase B.
  • This complex is essential for chromosome segregation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify proteins interacting with Satellite I RNA during mitosis.
  • To investigate the function of Satellite I RNA and its associated proteins in chromosome segregation.

Main Methods:

  • Purification of Satellite I ncRNP complex from HeLa cell nuclear extracts.
  • Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) for protein identification.
  • RNA interference (RNAi) for gene knockdown studies.

Main Results:

  • RBMX (RNA-binding motif protein, X-linked) was identified as a protein binding to Satellite I RNA specifically during M phase.
  • Knockdown of RBMX or Satellite I RNA led to premature sister chromatid separation and abnormal nuclear division.
  • Satellite I RNA depletion reduced levels of RBMX and Sororin, a cohesion regulator.

Conclusions:

  • Satellite I RNA is critical for maintaining sister chromatid cohesion during mitosis.
  • It stabilizes RBMX and Sororin within the ncRNP complex.
  • This stabilization is vital for accurate chromosome segregation.