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Related Concept Videos

Potential Energy00:52

Potential Energy

43.0K
The energy stored by a structure and location of matter in space is called potential energy. For instance, raising a kettlebell changes its spatial location and increases its potential energy. Similarly, a stretched rubber band contains potential energy which, under certain conditions, can be converted into other forms of energy, such as kinetic energy.
Chemical bonds that form attractive forces between atoms also contain potential energy, called chemical energy. When a chemical reaction...
43.0K
Potential Energy01:09

Potential Energy

1.0K
A conservative force, such as a gravitational or elastic force, gives the body the capacity to do work. This capacity, measured as the potential energy, depends on the body's location or “position” relative to a fixed reference position or datum. The gravitational potential energy is considered zero at the reference point. Suppose a body is located at some vertical distance above a fixed horizontal reference or datum. In that case, the weight of the body has positive gravitational potential...
1.0K
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

50.6K
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
50.6K
Cell Potential and Free Energy02:58

Cell Potential and Free Energy

46.8K
Thermodynamics of a Redox Reaction
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics dealing with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. In an electrochemical cell, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
Thus, a link can be predicted between cell potential, free energy change, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Cell potential can also be measured as the oxidant or the reducing strength, and similar acid-base strength measures are reflected in equilibrium...
46.8K
The Resting Membrane Potential01:21

The Resting Membrane Potential

143.4K
Overview
143.4K
Electric Potential and Potential Difference01:16

Electric Potential and Potential Difference

5.8K
Suppose a positive test charge moves away from a positive static charge, then the Coulomb force does positive work, and its electric potential energy decreases. The potential energy per unit charge is defined as the electric potential. The electric potential is independent of the test charge.
When a test charge moves from the initial to the final position, the electric potential difference between those positions is defined as the ratio of the change in the potential energy to the charge on the...
5.8K

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Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
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PPARγ-targeting Potential for Radioprotection.

Simran Kaur1, Alo Nag2, Ajay Kumar Singh1

  • 1Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi-110054, New Delhi, India.

Current Drug Targets
|February 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) shows potential as a radioprotective and radiotherapeutic target. Targeting PPARγ may lead to novel therapies against radiation-induced damage and inflammation.

Keywords:
NFkappaBPPARγcancerinflammationnitrosylationoxidative stressradiation.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor involved in insulin sensitization.
  • PPARγ plays a crucial role in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation by regulating NFκB and interacting with the Nrf2 pathway.
  • PPARγ significantly modulates immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the involvement of PPARγ in radiation-induced damage and inflammation.
  • To evaluate PPARγ as a potential target for radiomodification strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on PPARγ's role in radiation biology.
  • Analysis of PPARγ's mechanisms in oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune response modulation.
  • Assessment of PPARγ's potential as a therapeutic target.

Main Results:

  • Radiation exposure induces oxidative stress, damaging hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and immune systems.
  • PPARγ exhibits both radioprotective and radiotherapeutic properties.
  • PPARγ's modulation of cellular pathways offers a target for enhancing radiotherapy efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • PPARγ is a promising target for developing novel radioprotective and radiotherapeutic agents.
  • Targeting PPARγ could lead to more effective treatments for radiation-induced side effects.
  • Further research into PPARγ modulation is warranted for optimizing cancer therapy.