Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Generation of Subcutaneous and Intrahepatic Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xenografts in Immunodeficient Mice

Generation of Subcutaneous and Intrahepatic Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xenografts in Immunodeficient Mice

Published on: September 25, 2013

Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence in hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis treated with direct-acting antivirals: a

Xavier Adhoute¹, Guillaume Penaranda², Jean Luc Raoul³

¹Departments of Hepato-Gastroenterology.

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology

|February 1, 2018

Abstract

Background:

Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy against hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection has markedly improved the sustained viral response. However, recent studies have suggested an unsuspected high rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence.

Patients And Methods:

A retrospective case-control study was carried out to investigate the impact of DAAs on tumor recurrence in patients with complete response to HCC treatment within our HCV-related cirrhosis cohort. Patients who received [group 1 (G1), n=22] or not [group 2 (G2), n=49] a DAAs therapy were matched 1 : 2 for age, sex, liver function, HCC stage, and treatment.

Results:

Initial HCC were mostly Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A (95% G1, 94% G2). Sustained viral response with DAAs was achieved in 86% of patients. After a similar median overall follow-up time with similar radiologic surveillance after HCC treatment, 41% of patients developed radiologic tumor recurrence in G1 versus 35% of patients in G2 (P=0.7904). There was no significant difference in time to progression between the two groups [12 (9-16) months G1 vs. 14 (8-21) months G2, P=0.7688], or Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage at recurrence. However, the interval between HCC treatment and antiviral therapy was significantly different among DAAs patients with recurrence and those without recurrence [7.0 (2.5-9.0) months vs. 36.0 (9.0-58.0) months, P=0.0235, respectively].

Conclusion:

In our case-control study, HCV therapy with DAAs does not accelerate or prevent early HCC recurrence compared with untreated patients. The rate of recurrence, time to progression, and HCC pattern are similar. Early DAAs treatment (<12 months) after HCC cure should be discouraged considering the HCC recurrence rate during this period.

More Related Videos

Assays for the Identification of Novel Antivirals against Bluetongue Virus

Assays for the Identification of Novel Antivirals against Bluetongue Virus

Published on: October 11, 2013

Dual-phase Cone-beam Computed Tomography to See, Reach, and Treat Hepatocellular Carcinoma during Drug-eluting Beads Transarterial Chemo-embolization

Dual-phase Cone-beam Computed Tomography to See, Reach, and Treat Hepatocellular Carcinoma during Drug-eluting Beads Transarterial Chemo-embolization

Published on: December 2, 2013

Related Concept Videos

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics

Direct-acting cholinergic agonists, such as synthetic choline esters and naturally occurring alkaloids, exert their effects by enhancing the actions of acetylcholine and stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system. Synthetic choline esters share structural similarities with acetylcholine. For example, they have a positively charged quaternary ammonium or onium group, contributing to their hydrophilic characteristics. As a result, they are poorly absorbed in the body through oral...

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren...

Adrenergic Agonists: Direct-Acting Agents

Adrenergic Agonists: Direct-Acting Agents

Drugs that mimic the action of endogenous catecholamines like noradrenaline and adrenaline are called adrenergic agonists or sympathomimetics. Based on their mechanism of action, sympathomimetics can be classified as direct-, indirect-, or mixed-acting sympathomimetics. Direct-acting adrenergic agonists activate adrenoceptors without affecting presynaptic neurons, making them independent of neuronal catecholamine-depleting agents like reserpine and guanethidine.
These agents can be classified...

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions

Direct-acting cholinergic agonists exert their pharmacological actions by mimicking the effects of acetylcholine on postsynaptic muscarinic receptors to generate parasympathetic responses. These agents elicit a range of physiological responses, including cardiovascular effects. For example, activation of muscarinic receptors induces bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, reduced peripheral resistance, and consequent hypotension. In the eye, stimulation of M3 receptors leads to smooth muscle...

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Cholinergic agonists or cholinomimetics mimic the action of acetylcholine to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system. They are categorized into direct-acting and indirect-acting agents. The direct-acting cholinergic drugs induce the parasympathetic response by directly binding to the muscarinic or nicotine receptors. In comparison, the indirect-acting cholinergic drugs prevent acetylcholine hydrolysis, indirectly contributing to the extended parasympathetic response.
The direct-acting...

What are Viruses?

What are Viruses?

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sex Disparities in Hepatitis C Treatment Initiation: Role of Universal Access to DAA in France (ANRS FANTASIO 2).

Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·2026

Sequential alternation of nal-IRI/5-FU and gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel versus nal-IRI/5-FU versus gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel in first-line metastatic pancreatic cancer: results of the randomized phase II PRODIGE 61-FUNGEMAX trial (France).

EClinicalMedicine·2026

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: RECA and CRAFITY Scores Reveal Distinct Clinical Courses and Highlight the Role of Systemic Inflammation in Prognosis.

Biomedicines·2026

Delta Describe, the French Collaborative Project: The Profile and Management of Hepatitis Delta Patients in Metropolitan France.

Viruses·2026

Predicting hepatocellular carcinoma in people with hepatitis B: a comparison between Cox proportional hazard and machine learning models.

Journal of epidemiology and population health·2026

Predictive Value of Sustained Virologic Response at Week 4 in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection Treated with Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir.

Viruses·2026

See all related articles