Radiomics and radiogenomics for precision radiotherapy

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Medical Imaging
• Genomics

Background:

• Imaging is crucial for cancer diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, and response assessment.
• Radiomics extracts quantitative features from medical images for comprehensive tumor characterization.
• Radiogenomics links imaging phenotypes with genomic data to understand biological underpinnings and improve outcome prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of radiomics and radiogenomics.
• To discuss the rationale, technical, and clinical aspects of these fields.
• To highlight applications in clinical oncology, particularly in radiotherapy.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on radiomics and radiogenomics.
• Analysis of quantitative image features and their correlation with clinical outcomes.
• Exploration of the integration of imaging phenotypes with genomic data.

Main Results:

• Radiomics analysis reveals novel image features beyond traditional metrics like tumor size.
• Radiogenomics enhances understanding of tumor biology and improves prediction accuracy.
• Emerging paradigms show potential for improved diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive capabilities in oncology.

Conclusions:

• Radiomics and radiogenomics offer powerful tools for precision oncology.
• These fields have significant potential to enhance radiotherapy planning and evaluation.
• Addressing current challenges is key to maximizing the impact of radiomics in precision radiotherapy.