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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Electrical Current01:10

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Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
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Current Density01:21

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The total amount of current flowing through one unit value of a cross-sectional area is referred to as current density. If the current flow is uniform, the amount of current flowing through a conductor is the same at all points along the conductor, even if the conductor area varies. The current density consists of the local magnitude and direction of the charge flow, which varies from point to point. Current density is measured in amperes per meter square, and direction is defined as the net...
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Eddy Currents01:25

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Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
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Displacement Current01:19

Displacement Current

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Ampère's law, in its usual form, does not work in places where the current changes with time and is not steady. Thus, Maxwell suggested including an additional contribution, called the displacement current, Id, to the real conduction current I.
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Charge and Current01:14

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Electric charge is the most fundamental quantity in an electric circuit. The effects of electric charge are encountered daily, such as when a wool sweater sticks to the human body or when a person receives a shock while walking on a carpet.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

The Goeckerman Regimen for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis
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The Goeckerman Regimen for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis

Published on: July 11, 2013

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Current knowledge on psoriasis and autoimmune diseases.

Nilmarie Ayala-Fontánez1,2, David C Soler1,2, Thomas S McCormick1,2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Psoriasis (Auckland, N.Z.)
|February 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psoriasis involves complex skin cell interactions. This review explores shared cellular pathways in psoriasis and other autoimmune diseases, offering insights for new treatments.

Keywords:
autoimmunityimmunosuppressionpsoriasis

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and Immunology
  • Autoimmune Disease Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving keratinocytes, vascular cells, and immune cells like antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells.
  • The exact cellular drivers of psoriatic plaque formation remain unclear, despite known genetic associations.
  • Psoriatic skin exhibits epidermal and vascular hyperplasia due to increased cell proliferation and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common cellular pathways and participants involved in psoriasis pathogenesis.
  • To explore shared cellular signaling mechanisms between psoriasis and other autoimmune disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cellular interactions in psoriasis.
  • Analysis of commonalities in cellular mediators across psoriasis and related autoimmune conditions.
  • Discussion of recent therapeutic advances targeting cellular pathways.

Main Results:

  • Psoriasis pathogenesis involves crosstalk between epidermal keratinocytes, dermal vascular cells, and various immunocytes.
  • No single genetic factor explains psoriasis induction, suggesting multifactorial triggers including environmental and microbial factors.
  • Shared cellular signaling pathways are implicated in psoriasis and associated autoimmune diseases like inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding shared cellular pathways is crucial for developing effective treatments for psoriasis and related autoimmune conditions.
  • Advances in biologics offer new therapeutic avenues by targeting key cellular drivers of psoriasis.
  • Psoriasis and other autoimmune disorders may share common underlying cellular mechanisms, necessitating integrated treatment strategies.