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Matrix proteins of enveloped viruses: a case study of Influenza A virus M1 protein

Larisa V Kordyukova1, Eleonora V Shtykova2,3, Lyudmila A Baratova1

  • 1a Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russian Federation.

Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
|February 2, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Influenza A virus M1 matrix protein structure is challenging to determine due to its disordered C-terminal region. This intrinsic disorder is crucial for the M1 protein's function and interactions within the virus.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Structural Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Influenza A virus is a significant pathogen, necessitating detailed study of its components.
  • The M1 matrix protein is the most abundant viral component, forming a structural scaffold beneath the envelope.
  • The precise structure and function of the M1 protein remain incompletely understood, with ongoing debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural characteristics of the Influenza A virus M1 matrix protein.
  • To understand the role of intrinsic disorder in the M1 protein's C-terminal domain.
  • To explore M1 protein self-association and interactions with viral components and membranes.

Main Methods:

  • Synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)
  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM)
  • Cryo-electron microscopy/tomography (cryo-EM/ET)

Main Results:

  • High-resolution crystal structures of full-length Influenza A virus M1 protein are unavailable, likely due to C-terminal disorder.
  • Alternative structural methods reveal similarities between Influenza A virus M1 protein and matrix proteins of other enveloped RNA viruses.
  • The intrinsic disorder in the M1 protein's C-terminal domain appears to have significant functional implications.

Conclusions:

  • The M1 matrix protein's structure is influenced by intrinsic disorder, particularly in its C-terminal region.
  • Common interaction principles and potential evolutionary links exist among matrix proteins of enveloped RNA viruses.
  • Understanding M1 protein structure is key to deciphering Influenza A virus assembly and lifecycle.
Keywords:
Influenza A virusM1 matrix proteinM1 self-associationM1–lipid interactionsenveloped virusesintrinsically disordered proteinsmatrix scaffold

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