Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Experimental Model of Ligature-Induced Peri-Implantitis in Mice
Published on: May 17, 2024
Techniques to Optimize Color Esthetics, Bonding, and Peri-implant Tissue Health With Titanium Implant Abutments
Chandur P K Wadhwani1, Todd Schoenbaum2, Kirk E King3
1Affiliate Assistant Professor, Advanced Specialty Education Program in Prosthodontics, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California; Clinical Associate Professor, Graduate Periodontics, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon; Private Specialty Practice limited to Prosthodontics, Bellevue, Washington.
Abstract:
Due to their exceptional biological and mechanical properties, titanium and its alloys are commonly used in both dental implants and implant abutments, upon which prostheses can be attached. The gray color of titanium metal, however, can elicit esthetic problems, as it has the potential to show through a translucent ceramic restorative material. Various solutions have been proposed and used to attempt to overcome esthetic issues associated with titanium. This article describes a simple, economical technique to color titanium abutments and components utilizing anodization, resulting in light reflection and color enhancement through a natural physics phenomenon known as light interference patterns. A technique for improving the bonding capabilities of cement to the abutment is also discussed.
Related Concept Videos
Bond Energies and Bond Lengths
Peptide Bonds
Bonding in Metals
Ionic Bonds
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
Metal-Ligand Bonds
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Valence Bond Theory

