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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Atomic Force Microscopy to Study the Physical Properties of Epidermal Cells of Live Arabidopsis Roots
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Live Cell Microscopy: A Physical Chemistry Approach.

Somen Nandi1, Surajit Ghosh2,3, Kankan Bhattacharyya4

  • 1Department of Physical Chemistry , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032 , India.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|February 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Physical chemistry techniques reveal intracellular differences between cancer and normal cells. Fluorescent gold nanoclusters show potential for targeted cancer drug delivery and killing.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Understanding live cell dynamics requires probing intracellular components.
  • Physical chemistry offers a bottom-up approach to study cellular structures and functions.
  • Differences in intracellular properties exist between cancer and non-cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of physical chemistry techniques for probing intracellular dynamics.
  • To investigate local polarity, solvation, viscosity, acid-base properties, redox processes, and gene silencing in live cells.
  • To explore the potential of fluorescent gold nanoclusters in drug delivery and cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized physical chemistry techniques to analyze intracellular components in live cells.
  • Monitored time-dependent fluorescence intensity to observe thiol-disulfide exchange, calcium oscillation, and gene silencing.
  • Investigated dynamics and structural changes of DNA quadruplexes and i-motifs under various conditions.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant differences in intracellular properties between cancer and non-cancer cells.
  • Demonstrated time-dependent fluorescence changes related to thiol-disulfide exchange, calcium oscillation, and gene silencing.
  • Showcased fluorescent gold nanoclusters for doxorubicin delivery and selective cancer cell killing.
  • Identified high specificity of peptidomimetic analogues for binding i-motifs and G-quadruplexes over double-stranded DNA.

Conclusions:

  • Physical chemistry methods effectively probe live cell dynamics and reveal critical differences between cell types.
  • Fluorescent gold nanoclusters offer promising applications in targeted cancer therapy and drug delivery.
  • Understanding DNA quadruplex and i-motif dynamics has significant biological implications.