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Development and validation of a small SNP panel for feed efficiency in beef cattle.

M K Abo-Ismail1,2, N Lansink1, E Akanno1

  • 1Livestock Gentec at University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Journal of Animal Science
|February 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a cost-effective SNP panel to improve feed efficiency in beef cattle. This panel identified key genes influencing traits like average daily gain and residual feed intake, aiding genetic selection.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Genetics
  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Genomic Selection

Background:

  • Feed efficiency is crucial for sustainable beef production.
  • Genetic improvement of feed efficiency requires accurate genomic tools.
  • Existing genotyping panels may not be cost-effective for all breeding programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a cost-effective single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel for genetic improvement of feed efficiency in beef cattle.
  • To identify SNPs and genes associated with feed efficiency traits.
  • To estimate genomic heritability using the developed SNP panel.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of SNPs for functional impact and allele frequency in Angus and Hereford cattle.
  • Association analyses using allele substitution and genotypic models on Angus, Hereford, and crossbred cattle.
  • Estimation of genomic heritabilities using the developed SNP panel, significant SNPs, and a commercial 50K panel.

Main Results:

  • Identified 63 SNPs within 43 genes associated with feed efficiency traits (P ≤ 0.05).
  • Found significant effects of SNPs in GHR, CAST, MKI67, and CNTFR genes on residual feed intake (RFI), RFI adjusted for backfat (RFIf), and average daily gain (ADG).
  • Gene enrichment analysis highlighted gland development and ion/cation transport as key physiological mechanisms, involving the Jak-STAT signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 63-SNP panel is cost-effective and can be used for genetic improvement of feed efficiency in beef cattle.
  • Identified SNPs and genes provide valuable targets for molecular breeding values.
  • The study demonstrates the potential of targeted SNP panels for enhancing genetic gain in livestock populations.