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The Effect of Workforce Mobility on Intervention Effectiveness Estimates.

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Workforce mobility significantly biases health intervention studies. Controlling for exposure time reduces bias, but analyzing mobile workers decreases precision. Careful method selection is crucial for accurate worksite health research.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Worksite health and safety interventions face challenges in implementation and evaluation due to worker mobility.
  • Limited understanding exists on how mobile workforces impact the measurement and assessment of intervention effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To objectively measure the precision and relative bias of six analytical methods.
  • To assess the influence of workforce mobility on these methods using a simulation study.
  • To reanalyze a construction industry cluster-randomized trial with a mobile workforce.

Main Methods:

  • A simulation approach was employed to evaluate analytical methods under varying degrees of workforce mobility.
  • Six distinct analytical methods were tested for precision and relative bias.
  • A prior cluster-randomized trial involving construction workers was reanalyzed using the selected methods.

Main Results:

  • Increased workforce mobility directly correlates with higher relative bias in standard cluster-randomized trial analysis.
  • Incorporating exposure duration to interventions significantly mitigates bias.
  • Focusing analysis on less mobile worker subsets can reduce the precision of treatment effect estimates.
  • Reanalysis of the construction trial showed a 59% increase in treatment effect size.

Conclusions:

  • Researchers must account for workforce mobility when evaluating worksite interventions.
  • The selection of analytical methods critically impacts the precision and accuracy of estimated treatment effects.
  • Standard models may yield biased results in highly mobile workforces; alternative or adjusted methods are recommended.