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Related Concept Videos

Virtual Work01:20

Virtual Work

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The principle of virtual work states that if a body is in static and dynamic equilibrium, then the sum of all the virtual work done by all external forces and couple moments for any given virtual displacement must be zero.
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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
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Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving01:13

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The principle of virtual work is an essential concept in the field of mechanics and engineering. This is used to solve problems related to the equilibrium of a structure or system. It is based on the assumption that if a system is in equilibrium, the work done by all the forces during a virtual displacement is zero. This principle is applied by considering virtual displacements of the system and the corresponding work done by internal and external forces.
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
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Age-based normative data for a computerized dynamic posturography system that uses a virtual visual surround

Peggy R Trueblood1, Monica Rivera1, Christian Lopez1

  • 1a Department of Physical Therapy , California State University , Fresno , CA , USA.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|February 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study established normative values for a computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) system using a virtual visual surround. While many results aligned with traditional CDP norms, some differences suggest the virtual environment impacts balance control more significantly.

Keywords:
Sensory organization testadaptation testcomputerized dynamic posturographymotor control testvirtual visual surround

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) is the gold standard for assessing postural control.
  • CDP differentiates sensory, motor, and central adaptive impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Obtain normative values for a novel CDP system with a full-field dynamic visual surround.
  • Compare findings to traditional CDP systems using mechanically movable surrounds.

Main Methods:

  • Tested 50 healthy adults (ages 20-69) across five age groups.
  • Administered Sensory Organization Test (SOT), Motor Control Test (MCT), and Adaptation Test (ADT).
  • Assessed repeatability in a subset of subjects over two separate days.

Main Results:

  • Most CDP outcomes were comparable to published norms.
  • Notable differences observed in SOT condition 4 and the Adaptation Test (ADT).
  • SOT, MCT, and ADT showed moderate to good repeatability; age and gender had minimal impact.

Conclusions:

  • CDP outcomes with a virtual visual environment partially align with traditional norms.
  • The virtual surround may exert a stronger influence on balance control, even in static conditions.