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Endocrine Abnormalities in Adolescents with Menstrual Disorders
Siddhesh R Rajiwade1, Haritha Sagili2, R Soundravally3
11Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, JIPMER, Puducherry, 605006 India.
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India
|February 3, 2018
Summary
Adolescent girls with menstrual disorders, particularly oligomenorrhea, show higher rates of thyroid dysfunction and hyperandrogenism. These endocrine abnormalities warrant further investigation in cases of irregular menstruation.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Adolescent Gynecology
- Reproductive Health
Background:
- Menstrual disorders are common in adolescents.
- The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis immaturity is often cited as the primary cause.
- However, underlying endocrine abnormalities may contribute significantly.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate endocrine abnormalities such as thyroid disorders, hyperprolactinemia, and hyperandrogenism in adolescents with menstrual irregularities.
- To compare the endocrine status of adolescents with menstrual disorders to those without.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted on adolescent girls aged 10-19 years.
- Venous blood samples were analyzed for thyroid function tests, serum prolactin, and total testosterone using a chemiluminescence system.
Main Results:
- Oligomenorrhea was the most frequent menstrual abnormality (61.0%).
- Thyroid dysfunction (13.6% vs 3.5%) and biochemical hyperandrogenism (9.04% vs 0.7%) were significantly more prevalent in adolescents with menstrual disorders.
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) prevalence was 22.6% in cases, with oligomenorrhea being a common phenotype.
Conclusions:
- While hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis immaturity is a common cause of menstrual irregularities, endocrine issues like thyroid dysfunction and hyperandrogenism are significant contributing factors.
- Evaluation for these endocrine abnormalities is crucial in adolescent girls presenting with menstrual disorders.
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