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Roles of Electrolytes: Sodium and Potassium01:24

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake
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Dietary Sodium/Potassium Intake Does Not Affect Cognitive Function or Brain Imaging Indices.

Kristen L Nowak1, Linda Fried2,3, Anna Jovanovich1,4

  • 1Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

American Journal of Nephrology
|February 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Higher sodium to potassium intake ratio, not sodium or potassium alone, is linked to cognitive decline in older adults. This study suggests dietary changes may not prevent age-related cognitive decline.

Keywords:
AgeingCognitive dysfunctionEpidemiologyNutritionPotassiumRisk factorsSodium

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Dietary sodium impacts cerebrovascular function and cerebral blood flow, potentially influencing cognitive function.
  • Understanding the relationship between dietary electrolytes and cognitive health is crucial for aging populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and sodium:potassium ratio with cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults.
  • To explore correlations between these nutrient intakes and brain structure using MRI.

Main Methods:

  • 1,194 participants from the Health Aging and Body Composition study were analyzed.
  • Dietary sodium and potassium intake were assessed using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ).
  • Cognitive decline was measured by changes in the modified Mini Mental State Exam (3MS) over approximately 7 years.

Main Results:

  • Higher sodium:potassium intake ratio was associated with increased odds of cognitive decline (OR 2.02).
  • Neither sodium nor potassium intake alone was associated with cognitive decline.
  • No significant associations were found between sodium, potassium, or their ratio and brain MRI indices.

Conclusions:

  • In older adults, a higher sodium:potassium ratio, but not individual electrolyte intake, correlated with cognitive decline.
  • Current findings do not support reducing sodium or increasing potassium intake to prevent cognitive decline in aging.
  • Limitations include reliance on FFQ for dietary assessment.