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The plasma cholesterol concentration and cholesterol esterification rate in patients with stage I-III arterial
Insights
Hypertension is linked to cholesterol metabolism disorders, particularly in later stages. Advanced hypertension significantly reduces cholesterol recirculation, indicating increased lipid metabolism issues.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Metabolic Disorders
- Clinical Biochemistry
Background:
- Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular condition.
- Cholesterol metabolism plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health.
- Disorders in lipid metabolism are often associated with hypertension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate cholesterol metabolism disorders in patients with essential or renovascular hypertension.
- To compare lipid profiles and cholesterol esterification rates between hypertensive patients and healthy controls.
- To determine the relationship between hypertension severity and alterations in cholesterol metabolism.
Main Methods:
- Plasma levels of total cholesterol (TCH), free cholesterol (FCH), and triglycerides (TG) were measured.
- Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity was assessed, calculating molar esterification rate (MER) and fractional esterification rate (FER).
- Patients were categorized by WHO criteria for hypertension stages (I, II, III), with 88 hypertensive patients and 87 healthy controls.
Main Results:
- Hypertensive patients exhibited significantly higher mean TCH and FCH levels compared to controls.
- Despite normal MER, hypertensive patients showed a significantly lower mean FER, indicating reduced cholesterol recirculation.
- The reduced FER was predominantly observed in patients with stage II and III hypertension.
Conclusions:
- Hypertension is associated with significant disorders in cholesterol metabolism, including elevated cholesterol levels.
- A reduced fractional esterification rate (FER) in hypertensive patients suggests impaired cholesterol transport between plasma and tissues.
- Progression from stage I to stage II hypertension correlates with an increased prevalence of lipid metabolism disturbances.
Abstract:
Disorders of cholesterol metabolism were studied in 88 patients with essential or renovascular hypertension, among whom the individual stages of the disease, classified by WHO criteria, were evenly represented. The results were compared with the findings in a group of 87 healthy controls. The following were determined in the plasma: the total (TCH) and free (FCH) cholesterol concentration, triglycerides (TG) and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity, defined as the molar esterification rate (MER). The MER/FCH ratio gave the fractional esterification rate (FER) as the percentage per hour. In evaluation of the whole group of hypertensive patients, the mean TCH values were found to be raised (6.62 as against 6.05 mmol/l, P less than 0.05), but FCH levels were raised more significantly (mean 1.76 as against 1.51 mmol/l, p less than 0.001). With normal MER values, the hypertensive group had a significantly lower mean FER value (5.45 as against 6.27 %/h, p less than 0.001). Mainly patients with stage II and III hypertension accounted for the reduced rate of cholesterol recirculation between plasma and tissues (i.e. the FER value). The findings indicate that a change from stage I to stage II hypertension is accompanied by an increased incidence of lipid metabolism disorders.